Key Insights
The Electronic Paper Display (EPD) market is experiencing robust growth, projected to reach \$2.61 billion in 2025 and maintain a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 14.54% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is driven by several key factors. The increasing demand for energy-efficient displays in consumer electronics, particularly wearables and e-readers, is a significant contributor. Furthermore, the growing adoption of EPDs in digital signage and electronic shelf labels within the retail sector fuels market growth. The inherent advantages of EPDs, such as low power consumption, sunlight readability, and paper-like visual appeal, are driving their integration into diverse applications across various industries, including healthcare (patient monitoring displays), transportation (e-tickets, public information displays), and industrial settings (smart packaging). The market is witnessing innovation in flexible and color EPD technologies, opening up new possibilities for design and functionality, further bolstering market expansion.
However, challenges remain. The relatively high initial cost of EPDs compared to traditional LCDs and the limitations in refresh rates and color gamut continue to restrict wider adoption. Competition from emerging display technologies also presents a challenge. Nevertheless, ongoing technological advancements and the increasing focus on sustainability are expected to mitigate these restraints. The geographical distribution of the market shows a strong presence in North America and Europe, driven by established technological infrastructure and consumer demand. The Asia-Pacific region is expected to witness the most significant growth in the coming years, fueled by rising disposable incomes and increasing adoption of digital technologies. The fragmented nature of the market, with various players contributing in different segments and geographic areas, indicates opportunities for consolidation and expansion through strategic partnerships and mergers.

Electronic Paper Display Industry Market Report: 2019-2033
This comprehensive report provides an in-depth analysis of the Electronic Paper Display (EPD) industry, encompassing market dynamics, growth trends, key players, and future outlook. With a study period spanning 2019-2033, a base year of 2025, and a forecast period of 2025-2033, this report is an essential resource for industry professionals, investors, and strategists seeking to understand and capitalize on the opportunities within this evolving sector. The report analyzes the parent market of display technologies and the child market of electronic paper displays, offering a granular perspective on market segmentation by end-user including Consumer Electronics, Institutional, Retail, and Other End Users. The market size is presented in million units throughout.
Electronic Paper Display Industry Market Dynamics & Structure
The Electronic Paper Display (EPD) market is characterized by moderate concentration, with key players such as E Ink Holdings Inc. holding significant market share. Technological innovation, driven by advancements in display resolution, color capabilities, and flexibility, is a key driver. Regulatory frameworks concerning electronic waste and sustainability are increasingly influencing market dynamics. Competitive substitutes, such as LCD and OLED displays, present challenges, particularly in high-resolution applications. End-user demographics, particularly the growing demand for energy-efficient displays in consumer electronics and signage, are fueling market expansion. M&A activity in the sector has been relatively moderate, with xx deals recorded between 2019 and 2024, reflecting a consolidating market.
- Market Concentration: Moderately concentrated, with top 5 players holding approximately xx% market share in 2024.
- Technological Innovation: Focus on improving color quality, resolution, refresh rates, and flexibility.
- Regulatory Landscape: Growing emphasis on e-waste management and sustainable manufacturing practices.
- Competitive Substitutes: LCD and OLED technologies remain strong competitors, particularly in high-resolution applications.
- End-User Demographics: Increasing adoption in consumer electronics (wearables, e-readers), signage, and retail applications.
- M&A Activity: xx M&A deals recorded between 2019 and 2024, indicating a trend of consolidation.
Electronic Paper Display Industry Growth Trends & Insights
The EPD market is experiencing steady growth, driven by the increasing demand for energy-efficient, sunlight-readable displays across various sectors. The market size reached xx million units in 2024 and is projected to reach xx million units by 2033, exhibiting a CAGR of xx% during the forecast period. This growth is fueled by technological advancements, such as the development of higher-resolution, full-color EPDs, as well as the rising adoption of e-readers, smartwatches, and digital signage. Consumer behavior shifts toward eco-friendly products also contribute to the market's expansion. The penetration rate of EPDs in the consumer electronics market is expected to increase from xx% in 2024 to xx% by 2033. Emerging applications, such as smart packaging and architectural displays, are further contributing to market expansion.

Dominant Regions, Countries, or Segments in Electronic Paper Display Industry
North America and Asia-Pacific are currently the dominant regions in the EPD market. Within these regions, the consumer electronics segment, particularly e-readers and wearables, is driving substantial growth. The institutional segment (signage, posters) is also exhibiting significant potential, fueled by the increasing demand for energy-efficient and low-maintenance displays in public spaces. The Retail segment (dividers, electronic shelf labels) shows steady growth, driven by the increasing demand for dynamic pricing and improved in-store customer experience. Other End Users such as the transportation, healthcare and industrial/smart packaging sectors are emerging as significant growth drivers.
Key Drivers:
- North America: Strong demand for e-readers and wearables, coupled with technological advancements.
- Asia-Pacific: High growth in consumer electronics manufacturing and adoption, coupled with supportive government initiatives.
- Europe: Growing adoption of EPDs in signage and retail applications.
- Consumer Electronics: High demand for low-power, sunlight-readable displays in wearables and e-readers.
- Institutional: Increasing demand for energy-efficient and durable signage solutions.
- Retail: Growing adoption of electronic shelf labels for dynamic pricing and inventory management.
Dominance Factors:
- Established manufacturing base and technological expertise in certain regions.
- High consumer adoption rates in certain markets.
- Supportive government policies and infrastructure in certain regions.
Electronic Paper Display Industry Product Landscape
EPDs are available in various form factors, including flexible, rigid, and color displays. Recent innovations focus on improved resolution, color gamut, and refresh rates, addressing limitations of earlier generations. Unique selling propositions include low power consumption, sunlight readability, and durability, making them ideal for various applications. Technological advancements include the development of full-color EPDs with enhanced contrast and viewing angles, along with flexible displays suitable for wearable devices and curved surfaces.
Key Drivers, Barriers & Challenges in Electronic Paper Display Industry
Key Drivers:
- Growing demand for energy-efficient and sustainable displays.
- Rising adoption of e-readers, wearables, and digital signage.
- Advancements in display technology, such as flexible and color EPDs.
- Increasing focus on environmentally friendly and sustainable technologies.
Challenges & Restraints:
- Higher production costs compared to LCDs and OLEDs, limiting market penetration in price-sensitive segments.
- Limited color gamut and refresh rates compared to LCDs and OLEDs.
- Supply chain disruptions affecting the availability of raw materials.
- Regulatory hurdles and environmental concerns related to e-waste management.
Emerging Opportunities in Electronic Paper Display Industry
- Untapped Markets: Expansion into developing economies with increasing consumer electronics adoption.
- Innovative Applications: Development of EPDs for smart packaging, architectural displays, and automotive applications.
- Evolving Consumer Preferences: Meeting demands for larger, higher-resolution, and more color-rich displays.
Growth Accelerators in the Electronic Paper Display Industry
Technological advancements, strategic partnerships (such as the E Ink Holdings Inc. and Sharp Corporation collaboration), and market expansion into new applications are key growth accelerators. The development of more energy-efficient manufacturing processes and the integration of EPDs into increasingly diverse product categories will further fuel market expansion in the coming years.
Key Players Shaping the Electronic Paper Display Industry Market
- Toppan Printing Co Ltd
- LANCOM Systems GmbH
- Plastic Logic GmbH
- Clear Ink Displays
- E-Ink Holdings Inc
- Guangzhou Oed Technologies Co Ltd
- Pervasive Displays Inc
- Microtips Technolog
- Adafruit Industries
Notable Milestones in Electronic Paper Display Industry Sector
- March 2023: E Ink Holdings Inc. and Sharp Corporation announced a partnership to bring ePaper posters to market, signifying expansion into the digital signage sector.
- June 2022: Modos announced the development of a paper laptop with a large electronic paper display, indicating potential disruption in the laptop market.
In-Depth Electronic Paper Display Industry Market Outlook
The EPD market is poised for substantial growth over the next decade, driven by ongoing technological innovations, expanding applications, and the increasing demand for energy-efficient and sustainable displays. Strategic partnerships and market expansion into new and emerging sectors will play a crucial role in shaping the future of the industry. The focus on improved color capabilities, higher resolution, and flexible displays will further drive adoption across diverse applications.
Electronic Paper Display Industry Segmentation
-
1. End User
- 1.1. Consumer
- 1.2. Institutional (Signage, Posters, etc.)
- 1.3. Retail (Dividers and Electronic Shelf Displays)
- 1.4. Other En
Electronic Paper Display Industry Segmentation By Geography
- 1. North America
- 2. Europe
- 3. Asia
- 4. Australia and New Zealand
- 5. Latin America
- 6. Middle East and Africa

Electronic Paper Display Industry REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
Aspects | Details |
---|---|
Study Period | 2019-2033 |
Base Year | 2024 |
Estimated Year | 2025 |
Forecast Period | 2025-2033 |
Historical Period | 2019-2024 |
Growth Rate | CAGR of 14.54% from 2019-2033 |
Segmentation |
|
Table of Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Research Scope
- 1.2. Market Segmentation
- 1.3. Research Methodology
- 1.4. Definitions and Assumptions
- 2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Introduction
- 3. Market Dynamics
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Market Drivers
- 3.2.1. Technological Innovations in the Field of E-displays; Growing Applications of E-display Across Various End-user Industries
- 3.3. Market Restrains
- 3.3.1. Relatively Low Levels of Awareness and Regulatory Challenges
- 3.4. Market Trends
- 3.4.1. The Consumer Electronics Industry is Expected to Hold Significant Market Share
- 4. Market Factor Analysis
- 4.1. Porters Five Forces
- 4.2. Supply/Value Chain
- 4.3. PESTEL analysis
- 4.4. Market Entropy
- 4.5. Patent/Trademark Analysis
- 5. Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by End User
- 5.1.1. Consumer
- 5.1.2. Institutional (Signage, Posters, etc.)
- 5.1.3. Retail (Dividers and Electronic Shelf Displays)
- 5.1.4. Other En
- 5.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Region
- 5.2.1. North America
- 5.2.2. Europe
- 5.2.3. Asia
- 5.2.4. Australia and New Zealand
- 5.2.5. Latin America
- 5.2.6. Middle East and Africa
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by End User
- 6. North America Electronic Paper Display Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by End User
- 6.1.1. Consumer
- 6.1.2. Institutional (Signage, Posters, etc.)
- 6.1.3. Retail (Dividers and Electronic Shelf Displays)
- 6.1.4. Other En
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by End User
- 7. Europe Electronic Paper Display Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by End User
- 7.1.1. Consumer
- 7.1.2. Institutional (Signage, Posters, etc.)
- 7.1.3. Retail (Dividers and Electronic Shelf Displays)
- 7.1.4. Other En
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by End User
- 8. Asia Electronic Paper Display Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by End User
- 8.1.1. Consumer
- 8.1.2. Institutional (Signage, Posters, etc.)
- 8.1.3. Retail (Dividers and Electronic Shelf Displays)
- 8.1.4. Other En
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by End User
- 9. Australia and New Zealand Electronic Paper Display Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by End User
- 9.1.1. Consumer
- 9.1.2. Institutional (Signage, Posters, etc.)
- 9.1.3. Retail (Dividers and Electronic Shelf Displays)
- 9.1.4. Other En
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by End User
- 10. Latin America Electronic Paper Display Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 10.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by End User
- 10.1.1. Consumer
- 10.1.2. Institutional (Signage, Posters, etc.)
- 10.1.3. Retail (Dividers and Electronic Shelf Displays)
- 10.1.4. Other En
- 10.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by End User
- 11. Middle East and Africa Electronic Paper Display Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 11.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by End User
- 11.1.1. Consumer
- 11.1.2. Institutional (Signage, Posters, etc.)
- 11.1.3. Retail (Dividers and Electronic Shelf Displays)
- 11.1.4. Other En
- 11.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by End User
- 12. North America Electronic Paper Display Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 12.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 12.1.1.
- 13. Europe Electronic Paper Display Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 13.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 13.1.1.
- 14. Asia Pacific Electronic Paper Display Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 14.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 14.1.1.
- 15. Rest of the World Electronic Paper Display Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 15.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 15.1.1.
- 16. Competitive Analysis
- 16.1. Global Market Share Analysis 2024
- 16.2. Company Profiles
- 16.2.1 Toppan Printing Co Ltd
- 16.2.1.1. Overview
- 16.2.1.2. Products
- 16.2.1.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.1.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.1.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.2 LANCOM Systems GmbH
- 16.2.2.1. Overview
- 16.2.2.2. Products
- 16.2.2.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.2.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.2.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.3 Plastic Logic GmbH
- 16.2.3.1. Overview
- 16.2.3.2. Products
- 16.2.3.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.3.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.3.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.4 Clear Ink Displays
- 16.2.4.1. Overview
- 16.2.4.2. Products
- 16.2.4.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.4.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.4.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.5 E-Ink Holdings Inc
- 16.2.5.1. Overview
- 16.2.5.2. Products
- 16.2.5.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.5.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.5.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.6 Guangzhou Oed Technologies Co Ltd
- 16.2.6.1. Overview
- 16.2.6.2. Products
- 16.2.6.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.6.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.6.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.7 Pervasive Displays Inc
- 16.2.7.1. Overview
- 16.2.7.2. Products
- 16.2.7.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.7.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.7.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.8 Microtips Technolog
- 16.2.8.1. Overview
- 16.2.8.2. Products
- 16.2.8.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.8.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.8.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.9 Adafruit Industries
- 16.2.9.1. Overview
- 16.2.9.2. Products
- 16.2.9.3. SWOT Analysis
- 16.2.9.4. Recent Developments
- 16.2.9.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 16.2.1 Toppan Printing Co Ltd
List of Figures
- Figure 1: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Breakdown (Million, %) by Region 2024 & 2032
- Figure 2: North America Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 3: North America Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 4: Europe Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 5: Europe Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 6: Asia Pacific Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 7: Asia Pacific Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 8: Rest of the World Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 9: Rest of the World Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 10: North America Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million), by End User 2024 & 2032
- Figure 11: North America Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Share (%), by End User 2024 & 2032
- Figure 12: North America Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 13: North America Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 14: Europe Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million), by End User 2024 & 2032
- Figure 15: Europe Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Share (%), by End User 2024 & 2032
- Figure 16: Europe Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 17: Europe Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 18: Asia Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million), by End User 2024 & 2032
- Figure 19: Asia Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Share (%), by End User 2024 & 2032
- Figure 20: Asia Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 21: Asia Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 22: Australia and New Zealand Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million), by End User 2024 & 2032
- Figure 23: Australia and New Zealand Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Share (%), by End User 2024 & 2032
- Figure 24: Australia and New Zealand Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 25: Australia and New Zealand Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 26: Latin America Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million), by End User 2024 & 2032
- Figure 27: Latin America Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Share (%), by End User 2024 & 2032
- Figure 28: Latin America Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 29: Latin America Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 30: Middle East and Africa Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million), by End User 2024 & 2032
- Figure 31: Middle East and Africa Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Share (%), by End User 2024 & 2032
- Figure 32: Middle East and Africa Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 33: Middle East and Africa Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
List of Tables
- Table 1: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 2: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by End User 2019 & 2032
- Table 3: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 4: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 5: Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 6: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 7: Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 8: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 9: Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 10: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 11: Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 12: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by End User 2019 & 2032
- Table 13: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 14: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by End User 2019 & 2032
- Table 15: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 16: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by End User 2019 & 2032
- Table 17: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 18: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by End User 2019 & 2032
- Table 19: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 20: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by End User 2019 & 2032
- Table 21: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 22: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by End User 2019 & 2032
- Table 23: Global Electronic Paper Display Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the Electronic Paper Display Industry?
The projected CAGR is approximately 14.54%.
2. Which companies are prominent players in the Electronic Paper Display Industry?
Key companies in the market include Toppan Printing Co Ltd, LANCOM Systems GmbH, Plastic Logic GmbH, Clear Ink Displays, E-Ink Holdings Inc, Guangzhou Oed Technologies Co Ltd, Pervasive Displays Inc, Microtips Technolog, Adafruit Industries.
3. What are the main segments of the Electronic Paper Display Industry?
The market segments include End User.
4. Can you provide details about the market size?
The market size is estimated to be USD 2.61 Million as of 2022.
5. What are some drivers contributing to market growth?
Technological Innovations in the Field of E-displays; Growing Applications of E-display Across Various End-user Industries.
6. What are the notable trends driving market growth?
The Consumer Electronics Industry is Expected to Hold Significant Market Share.
7. Are there any restraints impacting market growth?
Relatively Low Levels of Awareness and Regulatory Challenges.
8. Can you provide examples of recent developments in the market?
March 2023: E Ink Holdings Inc., the creator, pioneer, and one of the global commercial leaders in ePaper technology, and Sharp Corporation, one of the leading global companies in the digital signage sector, announced a partnership to bring ePaper posters employing E Ink's technology to market.
9. What pricing options are available for accessing the report?
Pricing options include single-user, multi-user, and enterprise licenses priced at USD 4750, USD 5250, and USD 8750 respectively.
10. Is the market size provided in terms of value or volume?
The market size is provided in terms of value, measured in Million.
11. Are there any specific market keywords associated with the report?
Yes, the market keyword associated with the report is "Electronic Paper Display Industry," which aids in identifying and referencing the specific market segment covered.
12. How do I determine which pricing option suits my needs best?
The pricing options vary based on user requirements and access needs. Individual users may opt for single-user licenses, while businesses requiring broader access may choose multi-user or enterprise licenses for cost-effective access to the report.
13. Are there any additional resources or data provided in the Electronic Paper Display Industry report?
While the report offers comprehensive insights, it's advisable to review the specific contents or supplementary materials provided to ascertain if additional resources or data are available.
14. How can I stay updated on further developments or reports in the Electronic Paper Display Industry?
To stay informed about further developments, trends, and reports in the Electronic Paper Display Industry, consider subscribing to industry newsletters, following relevant companies and organizations, or regularly checking reputable industry news sources and publications.
Methodology
Step 1 - Identification of Relevant Samples Size from Population Database



Step 2 - Approaches for Defining Global Market Size (Value, Volume* & Price*)

Note*: In applicable scenarios
Step 3 - Data Sources
Primary Research
- Web Analytics
- Survey Reports
- Research Institute
- Latest Research Reports
- Opinion Leaders
Secondary Research
- Annual Reports
- White Paper
- Latest Press Release
- Industry Association
- Paid Database
- Investor Presentations

Step 4 - Data Triangulation
Involves using different sources of information in order to increase the validity of a study
These sources are likely to be stakeholders in a program - participants, other researchers, program staff, other community members, and so on.
Then we put all data in single framework & apply various statistical tools to find out the dynamic on the market.
During the analysis stage, feedback from the stakeholder groups would be compared to determine areas of agreement as well as areas of divergence